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glossary library
Our European glossary contains important terms that will help you understand the development of European history. Consult this channel to learn important terms.
Frisians
Frisians, or Friesians, a Teutonic tribe that settled in what is now the Netherlands during the first century A.D.
See more »Fronde
Fronde, a civil uprising in France in the mid-17th century. There were two phases—the Fronde of the Parliament (1648–49), in which the judicial body called the Parliament of Paris, supported by some of the nobles, opposed the monarchy on taxation; and the Fronde of the Princes (1649–53), in which the nobles opposed the court party in an attempt to overthrow the prime minister, Cardinal Mazarin.
See more »Genoa Conference
Genoa Conference, 1922, an international conference the purpose of which was to establish commercial and diplomatic relations with the Communist regime in Russia.
See more »Girondists
Girondists members of a moderate political group active during the French Revolution.
See more »Guelphs and Ghibellines
Guelphs and Ghibellines, two rival groups in medieval Italian politics. (For origin of the names, When Frederick Barbarossa, the Holy Roman emperor, invaded northern Italy in 1154, his Italian supporters became known as Ghibellines.
See more »Gunpowder Plot
Gunpowder Plot, in English history, a conspiracy to blow up King James I and Parliament in 1605.
See more »Hanseatic League
Hanseatic League, a commercial association of northern German cities that flourished between 1250 and 1500.
See more »Holy Alliance
Holy Alliance , a league formed by an agreement signed by the sovereigns of Russia, Austria, and Prussia soon after the downfall of Napoleon in 1815.
See more »Hundred Days
Hundred Days, the period between March 20, 1815, and June 28, 1815. On March 20 Napoleon I returned to Paris from exile at Elba.
See more »Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution, the change from the use of hand methods of manufacturing to machine methods.
See more »Inquisition
Inquisition, in medieval and early modern history, a tribunal, or court, of the Roman Catholic Church for the discovery, punishment, and prevention of heresy and other religious offenses.
See more »Jacobins
Jacobin, a name applied to a political club and party during the French Revolution.
See more »Kit-Cat Club
Kit-Cat Club, a political and literary society of Whigs founded in London in 1700.
See more »Lake Dwellers
Lake Dwellers, or Pile Dwellers, prehistoric people of the Alpine region of Europe who built houses at the edge of lakes.
See more »Letts
Letts, also Latvians, a Baltic people. Most Letts live in Latvia, but some live in neighboring areas in Russia, Belarus, Lithuania, and Estonia.
See more »Little Entente
Little Entente, a political and military alliance of Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Romania.
See more »Lombard League
Lombard League, a medieval coalition of northern Italian cities. The league was formed in 1167 when the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) prepared to conquer the cities of Lombardy.
See more »Long Parliament
Long Parliament, the name commonly given to the English Parliament that sat during the Great Rebellion.
See more »Luxembourg Palace
Luxembourg Palace, a historic building in Paris. It is the seat of the French Senate.
See more »Megalith
Megalith, a monument made of huge, roughly hewn stone slabs erected by Stone Age or Bronze Age people.
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