El Dorado

El Dorado (Spanish for “The Gilded One”), a legendary Indian chief of 16th-century northern South America.

Falklands War

Falkland Islands War, 1982, a war between Great Britain and Argentina over control of the Falkland Islands, a British colony in the South Atlantic.

Francisco Pizarro

Pizarro, the name of two Spanish half brothers who were soldiers and adventurers in the New World.

Ibanez del Campo

Ibáñez del Campo, Carlos (1877–1960), a Chilean army officer and statesman. He was president of Chile, 1927–31 and 1952–58.

Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu, an ancient Inca fortress city in Peru. It is high in the mountains, about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Cuzco.

Maximilian

Maximilian, (1832–1867), emperor of Mexico, 1864–67. Maximilian was established as emperor with French military support.

Pan-American Conferences

Pan American Conferences, the periodic meetings of the independent republics of the Western Hemisphere.

Pedro

Pedro, the name of both emperors of Brazil. They are often referred to as Dom Pedro, Dom being a title of respect.

Spanish Main

Spanish Main, a term used in the colonial period for the Caribbean coast of South America.

Tacna-Arica Dispute

Tacna-Arica Dispute, a boundary dispute between Chile and Peru. It resulted from the War of the Pacific (1879–83), in which Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia.