Allied Aid

Guns, tanks, trucks, planes, and food sent by the Western Allies contributed greatly to the Russian successes. Some of this aid was brought into the Persian Gulf and then carried through the mountains of Iran to the Soviet Union. Another route was entirely by water, running up the coast of Norway to the Arctic port of Murmansk, Russia. Foul weather and frequent submarine and airplane attacks caused many sinkings; since no one could live more than a few minutes in the icy waters, there were few survivors from sinkings.