Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Federation of, a union of the British territories of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia), and Nyasaland (now Malawi) formed in 1953. The federation was created by the British to promote economic growth. It proved unpopular with black Africans because it was dominated by whites. Nyasaland seceded in 1962, and the federation was dissolved in 1963.